花生废弃物中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的提取与定性定量分析

采用HPLC法从珍珠红14、粤油114、汕油523和湛油75等4个品种花生的废弃物中提取白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷,并进行定性与定量分析,根据提取物的HPLC出峰时间及与对照品的相加试验,在4个花生品种的不同器官中均鉴定出了白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷.不同花生品种和同一品种不同器官中2种活性物质的含量差异很大;在珍珠红14的各器官中含量最高,湛油75中含量最低.各品种花生根中2种化合物的含量最高.珍珠红14的根、茎、叶和果壳中白藜芦醇含量分别为148.7、33.3、23.1和9.4 g/g,白藜芦醇苷含量分别为133.7,37.7,27.7和11.5 g/g.珍珠红14根中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷含量大大高于葡萄和桑椹等材料.本研究为花生废弃物的综合利用提供了依据.     

Buck型DC-DC变换器中数字预测模糊PID控制器的设计与实现

为了提高数字DC-DC变换器的瞬态响应性能,设计了一种基于数字预测控制方法的模糊PID控制器.该控制器根据Buck型DC-DC变换器的电路结构,准确预测单个开关周期或多个开关周期后的负载电压和电感电流,以克服环路时延对系统瞬态响应的影响;同时,在基本PID控制基础上引入模糊控制,实时在线调整PID控制参数,以克服变换器的非线性特性对瞬态能力的影响.所设计数字控制器经FPGA验证,结果表明,与基本PID控制相比,所设计数字预测模糊PID控制器能有效提高变换器的瞬态响应能力,变换器的瞬态响应时间缩短1/3,电压超调量小于5%.     

Assessment of alternated cooling and heating treatment by US combined CEUS in the VX2 rabbit liver tumor model

Inoperable liver tumors are often treated by thermal ablation that destroys the tumor in situ and spares the adjacent hepatic tissue.Thermal–physical treatment has many advantages,but treatment by freezing or heating alone has some limitations.By taking the advantages and disadvantages of cryosurgery and thermotherapy into consideration,a new thermal technique that combines cryosurgery and radio frequency ablation has been proposed,thereby overcoming the disadvantages of each treatment strategy and improving therapeutic outcomes.This new approach remains to be systematically studied in the liver;therefore,this study was performed to estimate survival after alternated cooling and heating ablation therapy in a VX2 rabbit liver tumor model.Sixteen days after VX2 carcinoma implantation into the rabbit liver,tumors were treated with alternated cooling and heating ablation therapy.Rabbits were monitored for 6 months after treatment and assessed with ultrasound(US)and computed tomography at 1,7,14,and 30 days posttreatment.Untreated tumor-bearing animals served as the control group.Our results show that alternate freezing and heating ablation therapy resulted in a good recovery of VX2 rabbits.Compared with the control group,treated rabbits lived significantly longer(P\0.05),with 70%of treated animals surviving to 196 days posttreatment without metastasis or recurrence,while none of the controls did so.There was no local recurrence in the treatment group.All rabbits in the control group developed metastasis,while metastasis was only observed in 30% of treated rabbits.These results suggest that alternate cooling and heating ablation therapy can prolong the survival time of rabbits with VX2 liver tumors and is an effective method for tumor therapy.Furthermore,we also showed in this model that contrast enhanced US is a valid follow-up approach to assess treatment effectiveness.     

Review of galactic and extragalactic searches for class I methanol masers

Class I methanol masers are important tools for investigations of star formation throughout the Universe. Recently, a series of surveys for class I methanol masers at the 95 GHz transition toward samples of young stellar objects have been undertaken. These surveys have resulted in the detection of about 200 new class I methanol masers and combined with previous increased the number of known observations they have class I methanol masers in our Galaxy to ~400. From analysis of the relationship between class I methanol maser emission and associated astrophysical objects, it has been shown that the intensity of the class I methanol maser emission is closely correlated with the properties of the 1.1 mm Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey （BGPS） dust continuum sources and outflow properties. This further supports the hypothesis that class I methanol masers are collisionally pumped and excited in shocked regions. Based on these observations, it can be inferred that the BGPS catalog is likely to provide more reliable samples for targeting further class I methanol maser searches. A new survey for class I methanol masers toward a larger size sample of BGPS sources to test this is currently underway. The prospects for detecting class I methanol megamasers in extragalactic sources is discussed, and observations constituting the first sensitive search have been proposed.     

Effects of climate change on biodiversity

1 Rise of studies on climate change＇s effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America＇s annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].     

咯菌腈对3种环境生物的急性毒性评价

为研究咯菌腈对人体和环境的潜在危害。试验选择大型溞、羊角月牙藻和蚯蚓赤子爱胜作为受试生物进行急性毒性试验,并评价其毒性。结果表明：咯菌腈对大型溞48 h-EC50分别为0.55 mg/L,其95%置信限为0.45～0.77 mg/L;对羊角月牙藻的72 h-EC50为0.66 mg/L,其95%置信限为0.62～0.74 mg/L;对蚯蚓赤子爱胜的14d-LC50〉10 mg ai/kg-1干土。按照农药分级标准,咯菌腈对大型溞的急性毒性为高毒,对羊角月牙藻的急性毒性为中毒,对蚯蚓的急性毒性为低毒。咯菌腈对不同生物表现出不同的毒性,对水生生物表现出较高的毒性,其在生产使用中应谨慎。     

水平井在姬塬油田铁平7井区的应用效果研究

鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡西南部的铁平7井区油藏属于典型的底水发育的低渗透岩性—构造油藏,油藏具有油层厚度较薄,物性较差,单井产能较低的特点.通过对水平井与直井的应用效果分析对比后得出:水平井可以解决边底水突进过快的问题,并可增大泄油面积,提高单井产量,从而显著提高低渗透油藏产能,增加经济效益.     

基因识别问题及其算法实现（下）

利用序列的频谱曲线和信噪比曲线,建立基因识别的简化算法.提出可变窗宽的DFT算法,代数推导出Voss映射和Z-curve映射下频谱和信噪比的函数关系.运用Bootstrap算法,在精度指标下比较四组具有代表性的基因序列的阈值.     

吐蕃与南诏的和战及影响

吐蕃和南诏是唐朝初期建立于王朝西部和西南部的两个地方民族政权,他们根据自身的利益,通过接触、结盟和对抗等和与战的方式发展了彼此之间的关系。更重要的是,这种关系经济上促进了双方经贸和贡赐的发展,政治上加强了南诏对吐蕃政治制度的吸收和借鉴,文化上增进了彼此间的交流,民族关系上推动了滇西北地区各民族的多元发展。     

基于人脑MRI图像的颅脑三维可视化研究

目的探讨基于人脑MRI数据三维重建颅脑的可行性.方法选取1例成年自愿者行1 mm层厚的MR轴位扫描,应用哈尔滨工业大学自主开发的NASP软件应用体绘制技术完成颅脑的三维可视化.结果应用该技术可以清晰、逼真地显示颅脑的形态结构及其毗邻关系.结论利用人脑MRI数据可以实现颅脑结构的可视化.